| Mar 31, 2019 | Mar 31, 2020 | Mar 31, 2021 | Mar 31, 2022 | Mar 31, 2023 | Mar 31, 2024 |
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Profit (loss) before tax | 2,715 | 2,729 | 2,503 | 2,624 | 2,391 | 2,529 |
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Depreciation and amortization | 1,818 | 1,830 | 1,962 | 2,020 | 2,083 | 2,655 |
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Impairment losses (reversal of impairment losses) | - | - | 351 | 56 | 85 | 63 |
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Finance income | -182 | -68 | -163 | -68 | -90 | -53 |
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Finance costs | 13 | 11 | 9 | 6 | 6 | 48 |
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Share of loss (profit) of investments accounted for using equity method | -80 | -73 | -80 | -79 | -96 | -89 |
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Decrease (increase) in inventories | -5 | -40 | -54 | -136 | 110 | 13 |
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Decrease (increase) in trade and other receivables | -182 | -208 | 114 | 8 | -254 | 15 |
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Increase (decrease) in trade and other payables | 26 | 309 | 125 | 113 | 10 | 577 |
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Increase (decrease) in retirement benefit liability | 100 | 134 | 90 | 100 | 48 | 42 |
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Increase (decrease) in accrued consumption taxes | -29 | 151 | 266 | -9 | 53 | 128 |
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Other | 0 | -6 | -24 | 62 | 32 | 179 |
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Subtotal | 4,194 | 4,769 | 4,959 | 4,695 | 4,379 | 6,108 |
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Interest and dividends received | 50 | 51 | 56 | 46 | 59 | 73 |
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Interest paid | -13 | -11 | -8 | -6 | -6 | -21 |
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Income taxes refund (paid) | -1,345 | -637 | -1,090 | -893 | -832 | -835 |
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Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 2,886 | 4,172 | 3,917 | 3,843 | 3,600 | 5,325 |
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Payments into time deposits | -158 | -400 | -73 | -230 | -287 | -293 |
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Proceeds from withdrawal of time deposits | 158 | 154 | 556 | 233 | 247 | 293 |
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Purchase of property, plant and equipment | -325 | -346 | -448 | -154 | -106 | -533 |
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Purchase of intangible assets | -996 | -1,054 | -1,213 | -1,229 | -1,306 | -1,234 |
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Purchase of investments | -1,057 | -214 | -360 | -323 | -412 | -85 |
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Proceeds from sale and redemption of investments | 578 | 14 | 100 | - | - | 100 |
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Proceeds (payments) for acquisition of subsidiaries | 252 | -193 | -231 | - | -4,809 | - |
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Other | 270 | 324 | 330 | 93 | 196 | 39 |
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Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | -1,279 | -1,716 | -1,339 | -1,609 | -6,478 | -1,713 |
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Repayments of long-term borrowings | -300 | -371 | -7 | -7 | -2 | -61 |
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Repayments of lease liabilities | -674 | -780 | -781 | -837 | -811 | -771 |
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Purchase of treasury shares | -523 | -477 | -289 | -1,215 | -0 | -0 |
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Dividends paid | -830 | -813 | -861 | -835 | -945 | -918 |
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Payments for acquisition of interests in subsidiaries from non-controlling interests | - | - | -22 | - | -5 | - |
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Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | -2,328 | -2,436 | -1,660 | -2,894 | -1,762 | -1,750 |
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | -721 | 21 | 918 | -660 | -4,640 | 1,862 |
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Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | -0 | -2 | 16 | 22 | 6 | 16 |
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