| Dec 31, 2019 | Dec 31, 2020 | Dec 31, 2021 | Dec 31, 2022 | Dec 31, 2023 |
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Profit (loss) before income taxes | 367 | 755 | 964 | -1,270 | 1,979 |
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Amortization of goodwill | 191 | 29 | 41 | 88 | 87 |
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Amortization of Customer-related assets | - | - | 45 | 63 | 62 |
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Depreciation | 380 | 1,308 | 2,178 | 5,968 | 8,311 |
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Interest expenses | 396 | 771 | 1,079 | 1,701 | 2,023 |
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Decrease (increase) in operational investment securities | -1,091 | -1,103 | -381 | 1,341 | -405 |
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Decrease (increase) in trade receivables | -880 | 490 | -757 | 458 | 21 |
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Decrease (increase) in inventories | -7,798 | -7,792 | -17,565 | -8,165 | 237 |
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Decrease (increase) in advances paid | -105 | 35 | -566 | -905 | 14 |
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Decrease (increase) in advance payments to suppliers | -124 | -52 | -538 | 489 | 34 |
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Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses | 413 | 349 | -98 | 710 | -910 |
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Decrease (increase) in long-term prepaid expenses | -425 | -753 | -66 | -819 | 1,155 |
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Increase (decrease) in trade payables | 57 | -1,353 | 844 | -1,461 | 227 |
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Decrease (increase) in consumption taxes refund receivable | -883 | 1,227 | -1,887 | 1,441 | 1,152 |
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Increase (decrease) in accounts payable - other | -791 | 288 | 596 | -174 | -221 |
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Increase (decrease) in accrued consumption taxes | 238 | 205 | -444 | 1,978 | -482 |
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Increase (decrease) in long-term accounts payable - other | - | - | 85 | 3,074 | -3,127 |
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Increase (decrease) in other current liabilities | - | - | - | 61 | 104 |
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Loss (gain) on sale of investment equities | - | - | - | - | -3,932 |
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Other, net | 47 | -208 | -341 | 50 | 246 |
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Subtotal | -11,177 | -6,024 | -16,834 | 4,565 | 6,580 |
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Interest and dividends received | 28 | 10 | 71 | 23 | 28 |
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Interest paid | -268 | -736 | -1,085 | -1,770 | -1,947 |
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Income taxes paid | -1,202 | -206 | -809 | -915 | -977 |
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Income taxes refund | 9 | 227 | 50 | 0 | 1 |
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Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | -12,610 | -6,730 | -18,607 | 1,902 | 3,686 |
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Payments into time deposits | -752 | -63 | -132 | - | - |
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Proceeds from withdrawal of time deposits | 880 | 63 | 133 | 3 | - |
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Purchase of property, plant and equipment | -125 | -46 | -1,365 | -625 | -5,781 |
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Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment | - | 110 | - | - | 2 |
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Purchase of intangible assets | -18 | -17 | -92 | -89 | -37 |
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Proceeds from sale of intangible assets | - | - | 1 | 43 | - |
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Purchase of investment securities | -475 | -105 | -113 | -5 | -1 |
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Proceeds from redemption of investment securities | 69 | 136 | 96 | 1 | - |
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Payments of leasehold and guarantee deposits | -44 | -384 | -33 | -5 | -75 |
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Proceeds from refund of leasehold and guarantee deposits | 1 | 1 | 306 | 3 | 255 |
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Purchase of shares,etc of subsidiaries resulting in change in scope of consolidation | -46 | -1,018 | -3,847 | -16,840 | -643 |
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Proceeds from sales of investments in subsidiaries resulting in change in scope of consolidation,etc | - | - | 519 | - | 3,079 |
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Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | -390 | -1,323 | -4,024 | -17,518 | -3,201 |
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Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings | -6,714 | 261 | -654 | -567 | 3,938 |
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Proceeds from long-term borrowings | 36,054 | 20,920 | 42,059 | 69,124 | 23,758 |
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Repayments of long-term borrowings | -8,892 | -14,094 | -16,012 | -49,566 | -29,277 |
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Proceeds from issuance of bonds | 2,940 | 100 | 1,200 | 500 | 300 |
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Redemption of bonds | -16 | -597 | -1,649 | -1,234 | -148 |
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Proceeds from issuance of shares | 1,841 | 1,003 | 4,328 | 709 | 44 |
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Proceeds from issuance of share acquisition rights | - | - | - | - | - |
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Purchase of treasury shares | - | - | - | - | - |
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Repayments of lease liabilities | -8 | -8 | -12 | -15 | -12 |
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Repayments to non-controlling shareholders | -53 | -106 | -421 | -34 | -11 |
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Purchase of shares of subsidiaries not resulting in change in scope of consolidation,etc | - | - | -95 | -6,813 | -61 |
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Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 20,189 | 7,973 | 28,743 | 12,102 | -1,468 |
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Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash equivalents | - | - | - | -131 | -11 |
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 7,190 | -80 | 6,111 | -3,646 | -995 |
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Increase in cash and cash equivalents resulting from inclusion of subsidiaries in consolidation | 39 | - | - | 1 | 95 |
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Decrease in cash and cash equivalents resulting from exclusion of subsidiaries from consolidation | -617 | -70 | -8 | -69 | -140 |
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