| Oct 31, 2021 | Oct 31, 2022 | Oct 31, 2023 |
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Profit (loss) before tax | 1,595 | 1,852 | 2,476 |
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Depreciation and amortization | 229 | 238 | 245 |
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Impairment losses (reversal of impairment losses) | - | 29 | - |
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Share-based payment expenses | 41 | 74 | 102 |
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Finance income and finance costs | 164 | 188 | -7 |
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Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment | -1 | - | -0 |
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Loss on retirement of property, plant and equipment | 1 | 17 | 7 |
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Decrease (increase) in trade receivables | -137 | -419 | -469 |
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Increase (decrease) in trade payables | -16 | 1 | 4 |
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Increase (decrease) in accrued expenses | - | 100 | 321 |
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Increase (decrease) in accounts payable-bonuses, Adjustments for (IFRS) | - | 52 | 151 |
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Increase (decrease) in retirement benefit liability | 59 | 88 | 74 |
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Other | -71 | 181 | 230 |
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Subtotal | 1,864 | 2,248 | 3,133 |
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Interest and dividends received | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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Interest paid | -136 | -128 | -49 |
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Income taxes paid | -648 | -566 | -770 |
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Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 1,080 | 1,554 | 2,314 |
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Purchase of property, plant and equipment | -12 | -68 | -44 |
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Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment | 9 | - | 0 |
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Purchase of intangible assets | -23 | -6 | -12 |
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Payments for loans receivable | -23 | -7 | -3 |
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Collection of loans receivable | 146 | 6 | 3 |
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Purchase of other financial assets | -17 | -102 | -66 |
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Collection of other financial assets | 54 | 1 | 145 |
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Other | -0 | -0 | -1 |
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Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | -1,005 | -176 | 22 |
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Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings | - | 2,000 | - |
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Proceeds from long-term borrowings | 704 | 4,950 | - |
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Repayments of long-term borrowings | -675 | -8,010 | -714 |
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Proceeds from issuance of shares | 310 | - | 392 |
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Repayments of lease liabilities | -179 | -178 | -206 |
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Payment of financial commission | -10 | -11 | -4 |
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Other | - | - | -5 |
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Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 158 | -1,249 | -537 |
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 233 | 128 | 1,799 |
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